| The Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF), adopted by the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity in December 2022, includes Target 3, known as the “30×30” target calling for a worldwide initiative by states to designate 30% of Earth’s land and ocean area as protected areas by 2030. The GBF text reads: Ensure and enable that by 2030 at least 30% of terrestrial and inland water areas, and of coastal and marine areas, especially areas of particular importance for biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services, are effectively conserved and managed through ecologically representative, well-connected and equitably governed systems of protected areas and other effective area-based conservation measures, recognizing indigenous and traditional territories, where applicable, and integrated into wider landscapes, seascapes and the ocean, while ensuring that any sustainable use, where appropriate in such areas, is fully consistent with conservation outcomes, recognizing and respecting the rights of indigenous peoples and local communities, including over their traditional territories. Source: Convention on Biodiversity website, IUCN website |
Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) 30×30 target
