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From Grey to Green: Can Public Enterprises Lead the Shift to Nature-Based Solutions?
This discution paper examines how public enterprises (PEs), such as municipal corporations, water utilities and state forestry companies, manage much of the land and infrastructure on which nature-based solutions (NbS) depend. Yet very little is known about how they adopt these solutions, how they pay for them, or what holds them back. This paper summarises the findings of a systematic review of the international evidence and sets out a number of open questions, with emphasis on finance. It does not propose a settled policy position. Instead, it invites policymakers, public enterprises, investors and researchers to respond to the questions in Section 4 and help shape the next stage of work.
Poplar cultivation and the Nature Restoration Law in Italy: conservation trade-offs versus Bioeconomy synergies. A Discussion Paper
This discussion paper examines the “wood supply paradox” of the Italian timber industry: despite forest cover expanding to over one-third of Italy’s national territory, the country remains heavily reliant on timber imports, sourcing up to 80% of its wood and wood-based products abroad. Poplar (Populus spp.) plantations play a highly strategic role in resolving this, as they occupy less than 1% of the national forest surface but generate approximately 40% of domestic industrial broadleaf timber, supporting the high-value “Made in Italy” plywood, packaging, and furniture supply chains.
The impact of politicized and costly climate policies on trust in scientific information and policy support
This discussion paper examines how politicization and financial costs affect trust in scientific information about climate change, showcasing that trust declines when a climate policy is linked to a political party. Right-bloc voters tend to see climate science as overstating the problem, while left-bloc voters do so only when the Green Party endorses it. Political endorsement does not change overall policy support. Higher financial costs do not affect trust in the science, but they significantly reduce support for the policy.
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This report highlights key economic insights that help explain how Nature-based solutions support ecosystem services and the valuable benefits we get from biodiversity. It also explores how these values are recognized within the economy and by people and businesses who rely on ecosystems.
