Non-material contributions are nature’s effects on subjective or psychological aspects underpinning people’s quality of life, both individually and collectively.
Examples include forests and coral reefs providing opportunities for recreation and inspiration, or specific organisms (e.g., animals, plants, fungi) or habitats (e.g., mountains, lakes, etc.) being the basis of spiritual or social-cohesion experiences, such as learning and inspiration, physical and psychological experiences, and supporting identity formation.
Source: IPBES (2020) Global Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Annex I, p.1046. Glossary, (IPBES, n.d., op.cit.).
