NCPs are all the contributions, both positive and negative, of living nature to people’s quality of life. (Díaz et al., 2018). As such, NCPs refer to “all contributions – beneficial and detrimental – that people, individually or collectively at various scales, derive or endure from nature. (IPBES, Secretariat, Note by Multidisciplinary Expert Panel, n.d., but post-2021)
Nature’s contributions to people (NCP)
